This amicus curiae brief has been prepared by the Turkey Human Rights Litigation Support Project, Amnesty International, the Council of Bars and Law Societies of Europe, the European Association of Lawyers for Democracy and World Human Rights, Human Rights Watch, the German Federal Bar, the International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute, the International Commission of Jurists, International Observatory for Lawyers in Danger, the Law Society of England and Wales, Lawyers for Lawyers, and PEN Norway, a group of lawyers, human rights non-governmental organisations and a legal professional body with extensive experience in international human rights law, the functioning of regional human rights mechanisms, and the protection of the legal profession, as well as particular expertise in freedom of expression as it relates to lawyers and lawyers’ associations. It reflects the authors’ collective assessment based on the information presented to them by the Istanbul Bar Association (“the ISBA”), publicly available material, and applicable national, regional and international human rights law and standards.